|本期目录/Table of Contents|

[1]赵红军,章韬,萧凌波.气候冲击、海外白银输入与社会动乱——来自清代华北平原的经验证据[J].长安大学学报(社科版),2018,20(05):72-86.
 ZHAO Hongjun,ZHANG Tao,XIAO Lingbo.Climate shock, overseas silver inflow and social revolt——empirical evidences from the North China Plain in the Qing dynasty[J].Journal of Chang'an University(Social Science Edition),2018,20(05):72-86.
点击复制

气候冲击、海外白银输入与社会动乱——来自清代华北平原的经验证据(PDF)
分享到:

《长安大学学报(社科版)》[ISSN:1671-6248/CN:61-1391/C]

卷:
第20卷
期数:
2018年05期
页码:
72-86
栏目:
历史学
出版日期:
2018-11-14

文章信息/Info

Title:
Climate shock, overseas silver inflow and social revolt——empirical evidences from the North China Plain in the Qing dynasty
文章编号:
1671-6248(2018)05-0072-15
作者:
赵红军1章韬2萧凌波3
1. 上海师范大学 商学院,上海200234;2. 上海对外经贸大学 国际经贸学院,上海201620; 3.中国人民大学 清史研究所,北京100872
Author(s):
ZHAO Hongjun1ZHANG Tao2XIAO Lingbo3
1.School of Finance and Business, Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China;2.School of Business,Shanghai University of International Business and Economics,Shanghai 201620,China; 3.The Institute of Qing History,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China
关键词:
清代华北平原气候冲击海外白银粮价社会动乱
Keywords:
Qing dynasty north China plain climate shock overseas silver inflow food price social revolt
分类号:
F729;K249
DOI:
-
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为研究气候冲击与海外白银输入是否是导致近代传统农业经济社会发生动荡并走向衰落的重要原因,运用历史计量学方法,对华北平原地区气候冲击、海外白银输入与社会动乱进行分析。研究发现,海外白银输入对清代的经济社会具有双重影响:从海外输入白银存量、流量来看,它具有扩充市场化与商业化水平,有助于社会稳定的正面作用;但由于白银输入所引发的银铜比价紊乱却对社会稳定产生了负面冲击;气候冲击对社会稳定的影响未得到验证,说明导致传统中国走向衰落的因素可能更多地来自经济金融因素,而非直接源自气候冲击。这些结论对理解气候和海外白银两大冲击下的清王朝衰落机制提供了计量经济学证据。
Abstract:
To study whether climate shock and oversea silver inflow are important reasons leading to upheaval and fall of economics in traditional agricultural society in recent centuries, this paper used historical methodology to make analysis on climate shock in North China Plain, overseas silver inflow and social turbulence. Study shows that inflow of overseas silver had doublesided effects on economy and society in Qing dynasty: on the one hand, the stock and flow of foreign silver had positive effect as in stabilizing the society by enhancing market and commercialized level; on the other hand, the inflow of foreign silver caused upheaval in silvercopper exchange rate, which had negative effect on social stability. The impact of climate shock on social stability was not validated by our data, which indicates that economic, or financial factors might be more important than climate factor in the falling of Qing dynasty. This conclusion is helpful in providing the econometric proof to the mechanism in studying the fall of Qing dynasty under impact of climate and oversea silver inflow.

参考文献/References:

[1]Dixon H T. On the threshold: environmental changes as causes of acute conflict [J]. International Security, 1991, 16(2): 76116.
[2]Dixon H T. Environmental scarcities and violent conflict: evidence from cases [J]. International Security, 1994, 19(1): 540.
[3]Dixon H T. Environment, scarcity, and violence [M]. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999.
[4]Miguel E, Shanker S. Sergenti E. Economic shocks and civil conflict: an instrumental variables approach [J]. Journal of Political Economy, 2004, 112(4): 725753.
[5]Dell M, Benjamin F J, Benjamin A O. Temperature and income: reconciling new crosssectional and panel estimates [J]. American Economic Review,2009, 99(2): 198204.
[6]Dell M, Benjamin F J, Benjamin A O. Temperature shocks and economic growth: evidence from the last half century[J]. American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics,2012,4(3): 6695.
[7]Brückner, M, Antonio C. Rain and the democratic window of opportunity [J].Econometrica,2011,79(3): 92347.
[8]Dube O, Vargas J. Commodity price shocks and civil conflict: evidence from Colombia [J]. Review of Economic Studies,2013,80(4):13841421.
[9]全汉昇.美洲白银与十八世纪中国物价革命的关系[J].台湾研究院历史語言研究所集刊,1957(28下):517550.
[10]林满红.银线:19世纪的世界与中国[M]. 南京:江苏人民出版社,2011.
[11]Chu C Y. Cyrus, Ronald D L. Famine, revolt, and the dynastic cycle: population dynamics in historical China [J]. Journal of Population Economics, 1994, 7(4):351378.
[12]Bai Y. and James K. K., Climate shocks and sinonomadic conflict [J].Review of Economics and Statistics, 2011, 93(3): 970981.
[13]赵红军.气候变化是否影响了过去两千年的农业社会稳定?——一个基于气候变化重建数据以及经济发展历史数据的实证研究[M].经济学:季刊, 2012,11(2):691722.
[14]Jia R. Weather shocks, sweet potatoes and peasant revolts in historical China [J]. The Economic Journal, 2014,124(575): 92118.
[15]陈强.气候冲击、王朝周期与游牧民族的征服[J].经济学:季刊, 2014,14(1):373394.
[16]Hongjun Zhao. American silver inflow and the price revolution in Qing china[J]. Review of Development Economics, 2016, 20(1):294305.
[17]Burke M. Warming increases the risk of civil war in Africa [J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2010, 107(25): E102.
[18]Burke M, Dykema J, Lobell D, et al. Climate and civil war: is the relationship robust? [EB/OL].(20100604) [20180713].  http://www.nber.org/papers/w16440.
[19]Burke M B, Miguel E, Satyanath S, et al. Climate robustly linked to African civil war[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2010, 107(51):186187.
[20]Miguel E, Satyanath S. Reply to sutton et al.: relationship between temperature and conflict is robust[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2010, 107(25):E103.
[21]Burke P J. Economic growth and political survival [J].B. E. Journal of Macroeconomics,2012,12(1):5.
[22]Hsiang S M, Kyle M,Cane M. Civil conflicts are associated with the global climate [J]. Nature, 2011,476(7361):438441.
[23]Hsiang S M, Burke M. Climate, conflict, and social stability: what do the data say? [J]. Climate Change, 2014,123(1):3955.
[24]王会昌.2000年来北方游牧民族南迁与气候变化[J].地理科学, 1996,16(3):274279.
[25]夏明方.救荒活民:清末民初以前中国荒政书考论[J].清史研究,2010(2): 2147.
[26]葛全胜,王维强.人口压力、气候变化与太平天国运动[J].地理研究, 1995,14(4):3241.
[27]Xiao L B, Ye Y, Wei B Y. Revolt frequency during 1644~1911 in north China plain and its relationship with climate [J]. Advances in Climate Change Research, 2011,2(4): 218224.
[28]钱江.1570~1760年西属菲律宾流入中国的美洲白银[J].南洋问题,1985(3):98108.
[29]庄国土.16~18世纪白银流入中国数量估算[J].中国钱币,1995(3):310.
[30]陈燕谷.序一:重构全球主义的世界图景[C]//贡德·弗兰克. 白银资本:重视经济全球化中的东方.2版.刘北成,译.北京:中央编译出版社, 2008:18.
[31]李隆生.清代的国际贸易——白银流入、货币危机和晚清工业化[M].台北:秀威咨询科技股份有限公司,2010.
[32]顾庭敏.华北平原气候[M].北京:气象出版社,1991.
[33]陈玉琼.旱涝灾害指标的研究[J].灾害学. 1989(4):1013.
[34]Rawski T G, Lillian M Li. Chinese history in economic perspective[M]. Berkeley:University of California Press,
1992.
[35]曹树基.中国人口史:第五卷[M]. 上海:复旦大学出版社,2001.
[36]梁方仲.中国历代户口、田地、田赋统计[M]. 上海:上海人民出版社,1980.
[37]Durand J D. The population statistics of China, A.D. 2~1953[J].Population Studies, 1960,13(3):20956.
[38]Lee M P. The economic history of China : with special reference to agriculture[D].New York: Columbia University,1921.
[39]王业键.清代粮价资料数据库[EB/OL].(20101001)[20140708].http://140.109.152.38/.
[40]颜色,刘丛.18世纪中国南北方市场整合程度的比较[J].经济研究,2011(12):124137.
[41]Shiue C H, Keller W.Markets in China and Europe on the eve of the industrial revolution [J].American Economic Review, 2007, 97(4):11891216.第20卷第5期2018年9月长安大学学报(社会科学版)Journal of Changan  University(Social Science Edition) Vol20No5Sept.2018熊昌锟:清代民间舆论对洋银流通的认知与因应长安大学学报(社会科学版)2018年第20卷第5期收稿日期:20180611基金项目:国家社会科学基金项目(17CZS028) 作者简介:熊昌锟(1986),男,湖南龙山人,历史学博士,理论经济学博士后。

相似文献/References:

[1]车冬梅.清代“汉宋之争”的政治因素与学术态势[J].长安大学学报(社科版),2012,14(04):112.
 CHE Dong-mei.Political factors and academic trend in “Contention between Han and Song” in Qing Dynasty[J].Journal of Chang'an University(Social Science Edition),2012,14(05):112.
[2]黄 伟,赵立文.清代宋学、汉学之争的实质及其影响[J].长安大学学报(社科版),2010,12(03):67.
 HUANG Wei,ZHAO Li-wen.Essence of the dispute between Han school and Song school in Qing Dynasty and its influence[J].Journal of Chang'an University(Social Science Edition),2010,12(05):67.
[3]熊昌锟.清代民间舆论对洋银流通的认知与因应[J].长安大学学报(社科版),2018,20(05):87.
 XIONG Changkun.Public’s cognition and response on the inflow of foreign silver dollars in Qing dynasty[J].Journal of Chang'an University(Social Science Edition),2018,20(05):87.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
国家社会科学基金项目(18BJL003);国家哲学社会科学基金中华学术著作外译项目(14WJL008);上海市哲学社会科学基金项目(2017BHB016);国家自然科学基金项目(41501207)
更新日期/Last Update: 2018-11-15