|本期目录/Table of Contents|

[1]夏芸,玉琦彤,林子立.共享单车需求评估及调度方案设计[J].长安大学学报(社科版),2018,20(02):32-41.
　XIA Yun,YU Qi-tong,LIN Zi-li.Needs assessment and scheduling scheme of shared bicycles[J].Journal of Chang＇an University(Social Science Edition),2018,20(02):32-41.
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《长安大学学报（社科版）》[ISSN:1671-6248/CN:61-1391/C]

卷:
第20卷
期数:
2018年02期
页码:
32-41
栏目:
交通运输
出版日期:
2018-05-31

文章信息/Info

Title:
Needs assessment and scheduling scheme of shared bicycles
作者:
夏芸; 玉琦彤; 林子立
暨南大学 国际商学院，广东 珠海519000
Author(s):
XIA Yun; YU Qi-tong; LIN Zi-li
School of International Business, Jinan University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong,China
关键词:
共享单车; 需求评估; 路径优化; 模糊评价函数; 遗传算法
Keywords:
shared bicycle;  needs assessment;  route optimization;  fuzzy rating model;  genetic algorithm
分类号:
F572,F724.6
DOI:
-
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
共享出行是当下流行的一种共享经济模式，由于过去几年共享单车企业为占据市场而过度投放车辆，单车停放点供需不均衡，导致正常的社会秩序受到严重扰乱。以西安市13个县区为样本，以人口密度、人均可支配收入和公交车站的密度为指标，用熵值法计算样本指标的权重，得到比重矩阵之后计算指标信息熵值和信息效用值，进而对共享单车需求进行评估，并设计调度方案。研究发现，人均可支配收入的信息价值系数最大，即人均可支配收入对共享单车的需求评估结果的贡献程度最大。根据需求评估结果做出的热力图，发现西安市的共享单车需求量可以用同心圆模型表示，对不同的半径范围内赋予相应的比例系数，即可求出每个区域的共享单车需求量；共享单车的调度即优化问题的求解，通过随机产生初始路径，以调度路径最短为目标函数，并设置调度车的容量、最大行驶距离、调度的车辆数等约束条件，运用遗传算法求出每次调度的路径长度、路径分布以及所需的调配车数量。提出了合理投放、规划电子围栏停放点、基于大数据和空间要素的车辆调度、引入混合管理模式等可行性建议。
Abstract:
The shared economy has developed rapidly in recent years, and one of the most popular shared economic patterns is shared ridership. However, owing to the fact that an excessive number of vehicles were launched by enterprises offering shared bicycles in the past few years to gain market share, the supply and demand of parking points is not balanced; this leads to a serious disruption of the normal social order. Based on the above thinking, this paper takes 13 counties in Xi’an city as the sample. It uses the population density, per capita disposable income, and bus station density that are oriented and dimensionless to calculate the weights of each sample index and establish a fuzzy rating model of demand by using the entropy method. The results show that the information value coefficient of the per capita disposable income is the largest, that is, disposable income makes the greatest contribution to the needs assessment of shared bicycles. Based on the results of the needs assessment, a thermodynamic diagram is made, and it is found that the demand for the shared bicycle in Xi’an can be expressed by the concentric circle model. If the corresponding ratio coefficient is given for a range of radii, the demand for the shared bicycle in each area can be calculated. The scheduling of shared bicycles is the solution of the optimization problem. By randomly generating the initial path and setting the shortest route as the objective function, the capacity of the dispatching car, the maximum driving distance, and the number of the vehicles are given; the path length, path distribution, and required adjustment can be obtained by using the genetic algorithm. On the basis of the empirical conclusions, this paper puts forward four suggestions: reasonable distribution; planning of electronic fence parking points; vehicle scheduling based on big data and space elements; and the introduction of a mixed management model.

参考文献/References:

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
更新日期/Last Update: 2018-05-31