出口管制理论研究-《长安大学学报（社科版）》

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Title:: Research on export control

作者:: 何婧; 1.中国长城工业集团有限公司，北京 100054；2.北京大学法学院，北京 1000871

Author(s):: HE Jing; 1.China Great Wall Industry Corporation,Beijing 100054,China;2.School of Law,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China

关键词:: 出口; 出口管制; 立法目的; 国家安全; 经济利益; 利益平衡

Keywords:: export; export control; legislative purpose; National security; economic benefit; interest balance

分类号:: D999.2；D996.1

DOI:: -

文献标志码:: A

摘要:: 出口管制是针对特定商品或技术出口施加特殊许可证要求的一系列法律法规的集合。当前学术界对出口管制中出口的范围、概念、立法目的、利益平衡等研究还有明显不足，运用比较分析法，横向对比美国、欧盟、俄罗斯、中国、印度的出口管制立法，探讨出口的范围，厘清出口管制的概念，明确出口管制的立法目的，论证出口管制的利益冲突和平衡。研究认为，出口管制是为了实现特定目的，利用法律手段，对特定出口贸易设置条件并进行审查的法律制度，这里的出口概念包括贸易性出口、视同出口、再出口、经纪等行为；出口管制适用对象是出口活动，实施手段是管制行为，出口和管制构成了出口管制立法的两大核心要素，二者既是立法的出发点，又是利益冲突的本质原因；国家安全和经济利益是出口管制立法的基本目的，在不同利用集团产生不同利益需求时，应当以国家安全为优先，兼顾经济利益，通过加紧或放松出口管制达到调节目的。

Abstract:: Export control is a collection laws and regulations that impose special permits on the expert of certain goods and technologies. However, at present, the relative researches in the field of export control which contained the scope, definition, legislative purpose and interest balance of export were not adequate enough. Research applied a comparative analysis to compare the export legislation in the United States, European Union, Russia, China and India to discuss the scope of export, to clarify the definition and legislative purpose of export control, and to demonstrate the conflicst and balance of interests within export control. The research shows that the export control is legal system to set up conditions and examinations for specific export trade by legal means in order to achieve specific purpose. The export concepts include trade exports, deemed export, reexport, brokerage and so on; the application subjective of export control is export behavior, the application method of export control is regulatory act, thus export and control are two core elements of export control legislation, the starting points of legislation and the essences of interest conflict; the legislative purposes of export control legislation are national security and economic interest. Therefore, if different interest groups generate different interest demands, the priority should be given to national security and the economic interest should be taken into consideration at same time to achieve the purpose of adjustment by stepping up or easing export controls.

[1]何婧.出口管制理论研究[J].长安大学学报(社科版),2017,19(06):79-85.
　HE Jing.Research on export control[J].Journal of Chang＇an University(Social Science Edition),2017,19(06):79-85.
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《长安大学学报（社科版）》[ISSN:1671-6248/CN:61-1391/C]

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