新型社会救助制度：成就、问题与发展方向-《长安大学学报（社科版）》

文章信息/Info

Title:: New social assistance system: achievements, problems and development directions

Author(s):: YANG Bin; ZHAO Jian-peng ; (School of Politics and Administration, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, Shaanxi, China)

Keywords:: new social assistance system; minimum living standard security system; medical and health assistance system; “five guarantees” system

摘要:: １９７８年以来，中国初步建立了以最低生活保障制度、医疗救助制度、五保供养制度为主要内容的新型社会救助制度体系，社会救助覆盖面不断扩大、救助力度不断增强、法律建设取得了较快发展。然而，中国新型社会救助还存在救助理念滞后、二元分割现象明显、责任分担机制不合理、待遇调整机制不科学、对象瞄准机制不健全等问题。研究认为：新型社会救助制度的发展方向是确立积极的社会救助理念、统筹城乡社会救助发展、完善瞄准机制、建立合理的待遇调整机制。

Abstract:: Since 1978, China has established a preliminary social assistance system that included the minimum living standard security system, medical and health assistance system and the “five guarantees” system as its main content. The social relief has been being intensified, its coverage has been being expanded, and legal construction of the social assistance system has developed rapidly. However, there exist some problems in Chinas new social assistance system, which include the lagging behind concept of social assistance, the obvious dichotomy in social assistance, the unjustifiable mechanism of shared responsibility, the unscientific adjustment mechanism, the incomplete targeting mechanism social assistance. The present research supports that in the future, the new social assistance system should be completed by establishing positive concept of social assistance, integrating the development of the social assistance system in rural and urban areas, improving the targeting mechanisms of the social assistance system and establishing a reasonable adjustment mechanism of the social system.