This paper, taking the institution and operation of the Southern Song Dynasty, examines the military chain of command in Huaihe River region, the allocation of its subsidiary bodies and the operation mechanism in its goods management. The analysis indicates that it was more similar to the central dispatch but quite different from the subsequent home secretary, and other institutions. Military officers of Song Huai River theater enjoy all the way(actually east of Huainan, west of Huainan)in military dictatorship, and it is relatively independent of the administration, personnel, financial powers.