Abstract

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Title:: Textile Manufactory Bureau and Coin Mint Bureau of Shaanxi in Ming and Qing Dynasties

Author(s):: LIU Jing-chun; Center of Historical Environment and Socio-Ecomomic Development in Northwest China, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, Shaanxi, China

Keywords:: Textile Manufactory Bureau; Coin Mint Bureau; Shaanxi; Ming and Qing Dynasties

Abstract:: In Ming and Qing Dynasties, Textile Manufactory Bureau and Coin Mint Bureau of Shaanxi underwent rising and falling intermittently in its setting and production. Based on historical materials like memoir, this thesis analyzed Textile Manufactory Bureau and Coin Mint Bureau of Shaanxi comprehensively. The research results show that the Textile Manufactory Bureau of Shaanxi in Ming Dynasty produces the waving products under the supervision of eunuch which is selected by the royal court, “schemata” of products are designed by relevant departments of the court, different artistic patterns are mapped out and technical personnel engaged in weaving are selected, generally, its cost is shared by both court and Shaanxi. Coin Mint Bureau boasts 39 and a half “furnaces” in early Ming Dynasty, ranking the third in the country. In Ming Dynasty, metal and other materials for coin minting mainly rely on local supply. While in Qing Dynasty, first these materials mainly rely on local supply, then turn to “Dian copper” after the period of Kangxi, which are purchased by “officials and businessmen”, costing enormous transportation fees. The launch of these two bureaus meets the needs of their each clients,while brings the Shaanxi people a heavy burden.